The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of what is today Pakistan and eventually evolved into the Indo-Aryan civilisation. Between 711 and 713 CE, 18-year-old Arab Sultan Muhammad bin Qasim came to the region to defeat Raja Dahir, conquering the Sindh and Punjab areas and bringing Islam to the region for the first time. [35][36][37] Agriculture flourished and trading cities (such as Multan and Lahore) grew in wealth. To address the situation, a new formula resulted in the abolition of the province status for Punjab in 1955. Ranjit Singh modernized his Sikh Khalsa army by using Franco-British principles and by employing veterans of the Napoleonic Wars to train the infantry in European style. [69][70] In September 2015, a case was filed in Supreme Court of Pakistan against Government of Punjab, Pakistan as it did not take any step to implement the Punjabi language in the province. 207.8 million. ", "Thus the various centres of learning in different parts of the country became affiliated, as it were, to the educational centre, or the central university, of Taxila which exercised a kind of intellectual suzerainty over the wide world of letters in India. It forms a part of the folk music through mystic messages. Pakistani Punjab produces 68% of Pakistan's food grain production. The capital and largest city is Lahore which was the historical capital of the wider Punjab region. Punjab is the most populous province of Pakistan. literacy ratio by sex. Most are settled in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa followed by Sindh and Punjab. Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan;[13] its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. Punjāb (Pakistan): Province, Major Cities, Municipalites & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 4000 years ago.[32]. Punjab has a population of 80 million people and an area of 79,284 mi² or (205,344 km²) in terms of area the province of Punjab is greater in area than Kyrgyzstan but smaller than Belarus. The Kushan Empire was a syncretic empire, formed by the Yuezhi, in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century. It was also the home of one of the earliest known South Asia cultures, the Harappa, in prehistoric times. The undivided Punjab region was home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakistan's Punjab province. It is the second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and the 18th largest in the world. Taxila was a major centre of political control, intellectual discourse and trade between the Hellenistic kingdoms and the Maurya Empire. The Mughal emperor ceded control of the subahs that constituted Punjab namely the Lahore and Multan subahs over to Ahmad Shah Durrani. Punjab, Pakistan: 80 million (95% Muslims). The Punjab government has prepared a three-stage plan to vaccinate its population of over 110 million against the coronavirus, health officials said. Punjab contributes about 76% to annual food grain production in the country. &. Population Growth Rate. After independence, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while Muslim refugees from India settled in the Western Punjab and across Pakistan, having fled pogroms that almost entirely depopulated Eastern Punjab of its Muslim population.[55]. In 1758 Raghunath Rao, the general of the Hindu Maratha Empire, conquered Lahore and Attock. Modern Punjabis are mostly a mix of Indo-Scythian and Indo-Aryan people, with smaller amounts of Semitic ancestry. population by selective age groups. In 1972, after East Pakistan seceded and became Bangladesh, Punjab again became a province. According to the 1998 census, the population of the province is 7,25,85,000. https://logofmaps.wordpress.com/.../maps-of-punjab-pakistan The city of Sirkap founded by Demetrius combines Greek and Indian influences without signs of segregation between the two cultures. Western Punjab was assimilated into the new country of Pakistan, while East Punjab became a part of modern-day India. Radha Kumud Mookerji (2nd ed. Commonly called Pindi, the city is located 9 miles from Islamabad, and it's the 4th most populous urban area in Pakistan. Punjabi is the provincial language of Punjab but is not given any official recognition in the Constitution of Pakistan at the national level. (born at Nankana Sahib). Total Population. Indo-Scythians refers to Scythians (or Sakas), Iranian equestrian tribes who migrated into central and northern South Asia during the 2nd century BC to the 4th century AD. The crafts in the Punjab are of two types: the crafts produced in the rural areas and the royal crafts. [47][48], The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 1761, Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas and reversed their gains in the regions of Punjab and Kashmir by re-consolidating control over them.[49]. Of that, male literacy stands at 80.44 percent while female literacy is at 70.73 percent. The Hephthalite Huns captured Gandhara around 451, and did not adopt Buddhism, but in fact "perpetrated frightful massacres." It was merged into a single province West Pakistan. The population of the province is estimated to be 86,084,000 in 2005 and is home to over half the population of Pakistan. The northwestern part of South Asia, including Punjab, was repeatedly invaded or conquered by various mighty foreign armies throughout history, including those of Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, Timur, Nadir Shah and others. These are the folk tales of Mirza Sahiban, Sayful Muluk, Yusuf Zulekha, Heer Ranjha, Sohni Mahiwal, Dulla Bhatti, and Sassi Punnun. Due to its location, the Punjab region came under constant attack and witnessed centuries of foreign invasions by the Persians, Greeks, Scythians, Turks and Afghans. In 1823 Azim Khan took control of Peshawar and with support from Pashtun tribesmen faced off against the encroaching Khalsa army in the Battle of Nowshera. Those living in Southern and Western Punjab are also a lot more dependent on agriculture due to lower levels of industrialisation in those regions. According to the 1998 census, the population of the province is 7,25,85,000. It's also one of the world's most densely populated cities. The province's economy has quadrupled since 1972. These mainly fall in the following categories: Religious fairs are held on special days of Islamic significance like Eid ul-Adha, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi, Shahb-e-Barat, Ashura, Laylat al-Qadr and Jumu'ah-tul-Wida. "[29] The word Punjab was formally introduced in the early 17th century CE as an elision of the Persian words panj (five) and āb (water), thus meaning the (land of) five rivers, similar in meaning to the Sanskrit and Greek name for the region. Buddhist art spread from Gandhara to other parts of Asia. In the South, Punjab's elevation reaches 2,327 metres (7,635 ft)[citation needed] near the hill station of Fort Munro in Dera Ghazi Khan. The Chief Secretary in turn, reports to the Chief Minister. District at a glance T T Singh. ", "Mercury drops to freezing point – Dawn Pakistan", Population shoots up by 47 percent since 1998, "CCI defers approval of census results until elections", "Inferiority complex declining Punjabi language: Punjab University Vice-Chancellor | Pakistan Press International", "Urdu-isation of Punjab - The Express Tribune", "Rally for ending 150-year-old 'ban on education in Punjabi", "Supreme Court's Urdu verdict: No language can be imposed from above", "Two-member SC bench refers Punjabi language case to CJP", "Pakistan should have adopted Punjabi as national language: Hafiz Saeed | Zee News", "Mind your language—The movement for the preservation of Punjabi - People & Society - Herald", "Punjabi in schools: Pro-Punjabi outfits in Pakistan threaten hunger strike - Times of India", "DISTRICT WISE CENSUS RESULTS CENSUS 2017", "Provincial Accounts of Pakistan: Methodology and Estimates 1973–2000", "The News International: Latest, Breaking, Pakistan, Sports and Video News", "PIEDMC - Punjab Industrial Estate Development and Management Company", "Education woes: Pakistan misses UN target with 58% literacy rate", "Pakistan: where and who are the world's illiterates? The city of Lahore, Pakistan is the capital of the province of Punjab. 1972, 1981, 1998, 2017 census. The history of the city stretches back so far into antiquity that its true origin story is … ; Background paper for the Education for all global monitoring report 2006: literacy for life; 2005", "Rural women uphold Pakistan's literacy rate", Punjabi Parchar spreads colours of love at Visakhi Mela, "Asthma treatment in Pakistani salt mine", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Punjab,_Pakistan&oldid=998933433, States and territories established in 1970, Punjabi-speaking countries and territories, Articles with dead external links from July 2018, Articles with dead external links from December 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Punjabi-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017, Articles needing additional references from February 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2016, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The Sikh World: An Encyclopedia Survey of Sikh Religion and Culture: Ramesh Chander Dogra and Urmila Dogra; Khawar Mumtaz, Yameema Mitha, Bilquis Tahira (2003) Pakistan: Tradition and Change. Punjab was part of both classical Western Eurasian empires including the Achaemenid, Macedonian, Kushan, Greco-Bactrian, Indo-Greek and Hindu Shahi empires, as well as Indo-Gangetic (North Indian) empires such as that of the Maurya and Gupta. The Indo-Greeks were involved with local faiths, particularly with Buddhism, but also with Hinduism'. Meeting with Delegation of Delivering Accelerated Family Planning in By mid-February the temperature begins to rise; springtime weather continues until mid-April, when the summer heat sets in. The foothills of the Himalayas are found in the extreme north as well, and feature a much cooler and wetter climate, with snowfall common at higher altitudes. Faridabad (Haryana, India): 1.4 million. The Punjabis followed different faiths throughout history, mainly a non-Brahmanical form of Hinduism and Buddhism,[42] however Islam had the biggest impact on the region culturally. Administrative Subdivision. This led to massive rioting as both sides committed atrocities against fleeing refugees. In addition to these departments, there are several Autonomous Bodies and Attached Departments that report directly to either the Secretaries or the Chief Secretary. The onset of the southwest monsoon is anticipated to reach Punjab by May, but since the early 1970s, the weather pattern has been irregular. Guijranwala (Punjab, Pakistan): 2.57 million. Punjab also contains part of the Thal and Cholistan deserts. The results show that unemployment and population density have a positive impact on crime rate among the districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Notable activists include Tariq Jatala, Farhad Iqbal, Diep Saeeda, Khalil Ojla, Afzal Sahir, Jamil Ahmad Paul, Mazhar Tirmazi, Mushtaq Sufi, Biya Je, Tohid Ahmad Chattha and Bilal Shaker Kahaloon, Nazeer Kahut, This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 18:22. The name Punjab means "the land of five waters," which refers to the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej Rivers, all of which are tributaries of the Indus River. population by province / region since 1951. population size and growth of major cities. He told the … The landscape is amongst the most heavily irrigated on earth and canals can be found throughout the province. In ancient and the medieval era, before the arrival of Islam into the Indian subcontinent, Hinduism and Buddhism were the predominant religions in the Punjab region. The seven districts of Sahiwal ... Pakistan … In August the oppressive heat is punctuated by the rainy season, referred to as barsat, which brings relief in its wake. [30] The five rivers, namely Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej, flow via the Panjnad River into the Indus River and eventually into the Arabian Sea. On the other hand, the Punjab States partook 17.2 per cent of the population on 28.3 per cent of the area. It is also a major manpower contributor because it has the largest pool of professionals and highly skilled (technically trained) manpower in Pakistan. [15][16] A clear divide is present between the northern and southern portions of the province;[14] with poverty rates in prosperous northern Punjab amongst the lowest in Pakistan,[17] while some in south Punjab are amongst the most impoverished. Despite past animosities, the rural masses in Punjab's farms continue to use the Hindu calendar for planting and harvesting. info)) is the maist populous province o Pakistan, wi approximately 56% o the kintra's tot population. Kanishka was a great patron of the Buddhist faith; Buddhism spread to Central Asia and the Far East across Bactria and Sogdia, where his empire met the Han Empire of China. Ranjit Singh was not without opponents who challenged his authority in the regions he had conquered. 6. The population of the provinces, federal territories, districts and agencies. According to census 2017 total population of Punjab is 110012442. Amongst folk singers the likes of Inayat Hussain Bhatti, Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lonawala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, Arif Lohar, Ahmad Nawaz Cheena and Hamid Ali Bela are well-known. miles shared 71.7 per cent of the total area, and its population of 28.4 million made 82.8 per cent of the total. The province covered an area of 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former princely state of Bahawalpur.The capital was the city of Lahore and the province was composed of four divisions (Lahore, Sargodha, Multan and Rawalpindi). Mihirakula became a "terrible persecutor" of the Buddhist religion. In Jhelum 35 British soldiers of the HM XXIV regiment were killed by the local resistance during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[53]. Punjab health officials said Thursday that the government has prepared a three-stage plan to inoculate the province's population of over 110 million against the coronavirus. Rawalpindi (Punjab, Pakistan): population 3.25 million. Hafiz Saeed, chief of Jama'at-ud-Da'wah (JuD) has questioned Pakistan's decision to adopt Urdu as its national language in a country where majority of people speak Punjabi language, citing his interpretation of Islamic doctrine as encouraging education in the mother-tongue. [13] Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relative prosperity,[14] and has the lowest rate of poverty amongst all Pakistani provinces. Ancient Taxila, another historic landmark also stands out as a proof of the achievements of the area in learning, arts and crafts. The province is home to over half the population of Pakistan, and is the world's fifth-most populous subnational entity, and the most populous outside China or India.Punjabis are a heterogeneous group comprising different tribes, clans (Urdu: برادری‎) and communities. The Battle of the Hydaspes was fought astride the Jhelum River in western Punjab against the regional chieftain Porus, and the Siege of the Malli Tribe which occurred at the confluence of the Indus and Hydaspes Rivers near modern Multan (during which Alexander suffered a near-fatal arrow wound). In Indian Punjab, Hindus and Sikhs are the majority. Punjab was central to the independence movements of both India and Pakistan, with Lahore being site of both the Declaration of Indian Independence, and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan. Punjab's Minister of Health, Dr. Yasmin Rashid, announced that the government of Punjab will issue health cards to 45 percent of the population by June. Punjab is today home to many religions and ethnic groups due to a long history of invasions. Administrative Subdivision. Punjab. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.[84]. There are 48 departments in Punjab government. In Pakistani Punjab, non-tribal social distinctions are primarily based on traditional occupations such as blacksmiths or artisans, as opposed to rigid social stratifications. Block Wise Provisional Summary Census-2017; Area & Population of Administrative Units (1998) ... Pakistan Bureau of Statistics Statistics House, 21-Mauve Area, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan Weather extremes are notable from the hot and barren south to the cool hills of the north. Unlike neighbouring India, there was no large-scale redistribution of agricultural land. Having taken a northeasterly direction, he marched against the Aspii (mountaineers), who offered vigorous resistance, but were subdued. The peace process between India and Pakistan, which began in earnest in 2004, has helped pacify the situation. Punjab's landscape consists mostly consists of fertile alluvial plains of the Indus River and its four major tributaries in Pakistan, the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers which traverse Punjab north to south – the fifth of the "five waters" of Punjab, the Beas River, lies exclusively in the Indian state of Punjab. In Total population males are 55,958,974, female are 54,046,759 and Shemale / Transgender are 6709. Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan): population 10.5 million. 22 of the 36 regions were united by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, with the other 14 accepting British sovereignty. The population of the subdistricts (tehsils and talukas) of Pakistan. A clinical ward with 20 beds was established in 2007[98][99] for the treatment of asthma and other respiratory diseases using salt therapy. The literacy rate has increased greatly over the last 40 years (see the table below). The current Chief Minister is Sardar Usman Buzdar He got elected as a result of 25 July 2018 elections. Cooler/ Foggy / mild weather (October to March). Population Welfare Punjab Jobs 2021 Advertisement is open in Bahawalpur Division to recruit the eligible (Male & Female) Pakistani nationals who want to work with the Population Welfare Department Government of Punjab. Islamabad (Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan): 1.15 million. Heat records were broken in Multan in June 1993, when the mercury was reported to have risen to 54 °C. The Johansen cointegration method has been applied for examining the relationship among variables. ], Agnes Ziegler, Akhtar Mummunka (2006) The final Frontier: unique photographs of Pakistan. [62], Punjab has the lowest poverty rates in Pakistan, although a divide is present between the northern and southern parts of the province. [21][22][23] Punjab is also the site of the Katasraj Temple, which features prominently in Hindu mythology. [18] Punjab is also one of South Asia's most urbanised regions with approximately 40% of people living in urban areas. Punjab's Minister of Health, Dr. Yasmin Rashid, announced that the government of Punjab will issue health cards to 45 percent of the population by June. From about 1813 he began a series of rebellions against the Sikhs which continued throughout his lifetime inflicting defeats on the Sikhs whilst also losing territory to them before being poisoned in 1844. They also include Baits, Dohas, Lohris, Sehra, and Jugni.[100]. Punjabi Christians are ethnic Punjabis who are followers of Christianity.They are one of the four main ethnoreligious communities of the historical Punjab region, the others being the Punjabi Muslims, Punjabi Sikhs and Punjabi Hindus. Punjabi is the primary language of the region, with several dialects spoken. Climatically, Punjab has three major seasons:[60]. Punjab Province (Pakistani part) with population statistics, maps, charts, weather and web information. The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE. The state population was recorded to be 29,673,462 (2.96 Crore) in 2016. [73] The list of thinktanks, political organisations, cultural projects, and individuals that demand authorities at the national and provincial level to promote the use of the language in the public and official spheres includes: The population of Punjab (Pakistan) is estimated to be 97.21% Muslim with a Sunni Hanafi majority and Shia Ithna 'ashariyah minority. Wheat and cotton are the largest crops. Like their ethnic kinsmen of other faiths, the Punjabi Christians are divided into various castes. James Abbott, British officer and deputy commissioner at Hazara in 1851, described Mir Painda Khan as "a chief renowned on the border, a wild and energetic man who was never subjugated by the Sikhs". They are the cash crops that contribute substantially to the national exchequer. Soul inspiring music is played and devotees dance in ecstasy. 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