Check out my other video's. Chinese Type 56 and Type 58 heavy machine guns, This page was last edited on 24 December 2020, at 23:56. [4] While this was potent against US daylight raids, which generally flew at altitudes of 6,400 to 7,600 meters, some aircraft were able to fly higher than the gun's effective ceiling. It quickly proved to be the best anti-aircraft weapon then available. Air defense units were usually deployed with either a Kommandogerät ("command device") fire control computer or a portable Würzburg radar, which were responsible for its high level of accuracy against aircraft. This experience also demonstrated a number of minor problems and potential improvement opportunities. [9] For example, in January 1943 – at a time when Germany was desperately fighting to regain the strategic initiative in the East and was also facing a heavy bombing campaign in the West – expenditures on anti-aircraft defenses were 39 million reichsmarks, whereas all the remaining weapons and munitions production amounted to 93 million (including 20 million of the navy budget and only nine million of the aircraft-related budget). Work then continued using a Flak 37 barrel re-chambered for the Flak 41 round and with a muzzle brake. Upon explosion between 75 and 95 incendiary pieces are formed which have an 80% chance of igniting aviation fuel. Given appropriate ammunition it proved quite capable in both roles. It allowed extremely precise fire, and would even take into account how far away the guns were from one another and the aiming crew, cancelling out the offset and aiming all weapons at the same point. 100 Bullet HD Wallpapers and Background Images. In comparison, the British 3.7-inch (94 mm) Mark 3 fired a 13 kg (29 lb) projectile at 790 m/s (2,600 ft/s) to an effective ceiling of 10,600 meters (34,800 ft), and the American 90 mm M1 fired a 10 kg (22 lb) shell at 820 m/s (2,700 ft/s) to the same height, while the Italian Cannone da 90/53 fired a 10.33 kg projectile at 830 m/s to an effective ceiling of 12,000 meters (39,000 ft). This early model, the Flak 18, used a single-piece barrel with a length of 56 calibers, leading to the commonly seen designation L/56. The Yugoslav Army (VJ) also used Flak carriages mounted with double 262 mm rocket launch tubes from the M-87 Orkan MLRS, instead of the 88 mm gun. According to the official guidelines the 14.5×114 case can handle up to 360 MPa (52,213 psi) piezo pressure. The following museums include 8.8 cm Flak guns in their collections. Casualties among the legion's 88 mm gun batteries in the Spanish Civil War were second only to those among the bomber pilots. Armor plate penetration is achieved by the kinetic energy of the shell. During 1942 tests were made using the Flak 41 barrel and Flak 37 chassis but these identified that the chassis could not take the strain even when strengthened. [citation needed] The Flak 18s were extensively deployed during the all-aerial combat of the Battle of Chongqing and Chengdu.[26]. [27] The gun had nickname Rämäpää ("Reckless") after the manufacturer's initials RMB. The weight of the gun meant that only large vehicles could move it, the Sd.Kfz. At the end of the war the Spanish Army was using all of the Flak 18 guns sent, some 52 units. The 14.5×114mm has 42.53 ml (655 grains H2O) cartridge case capacity. For Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany deployed the 8.8 cm Flak in 51 mixed AA battalions. The designers started again, using 88 mm caliber. One 76 mm hole in outrigger. The gun would then fire and recoil; during the return stroke, the empty case would be thrown backward by levers, after which a cam would engage and recock the gun. The Lahti L-39 is a Finnish 20mm anti-tank rifle used during World War II. They go through them just like they were a piece of paper". Indeed, with the automatic loading system, the gun layers' job was to keep the gun barrel trained on the target area based on the signals from the controller. By February 1945, there were 327 heavy anti-aircraft batteries facing the Red Army, which was 21 percent of those used for anti-aircraft defense.[9]. Aviation & Marine 15. Anti-tank (AT) guns initially used solid steel armour piercing (AP) rounds which derived their penetrating power from kinetic energy. Krupp had the majority ownership in Bofors since 1921. The parts of the various versions of the guns were interchangeable, and it was not uncommon for various parts to be "mixed and matched" on a particular example. Many of these improvements were incorporated into the Flak 36, which had a two-piece barrel for easier replacement of worn liners. The loaders would keep the weapon fed with live ammunition which would fire immediately upon insertion—all while the gun layer aimed the weapon according to the data. [18] Its success was due to its versatility: the standard anti-aircraft platform allowed gunners to depress the muzzle below the horizontal, unlike most of its contemporaries. - Wallpaper Abyss. It fires 450 to 550 12.7x99mm armor penetrating rounds per minute. The M1918 was conceptually very simple: a bolt-action weapon just … Virginia War Museum, Newport News, Virginia. The Allied weapons' capabilities were augmented by the introduction of proximity fuzes. In C.I.P. [citation needed] Flak 18 batteries were used by the nationalist army at the Battle of Ebro, both for direct fire against pillboxes and also for indirect fire in the advance towards Barcelona. On 14 September 1942, Flak-Abt. In September 1916, the British unveiled their new weapon to the world – The Tank – which, while slow and mechanically unreliable, sent shockwaves through the ranks of the German military. [15] An American tanker who survived losing three tanks wrote to Chrysler after V-E Day that "an 88 sure makes quick work of them. A simple-to-operate "semi-automatic" loading system ejected fired shells, allowing it to be reloaded by simply inserting a new shell into a tray. Tank guns can typically fire a range of different projectiles, most commonly including anti-armour and multipurpose types, the latter used to engage light vehicles, personnel, and fortifications. [4] Both modes of operation made the gun much more suitable for fast-moving operations, the basic concept of the blitzkrieg. Operation Barbarossa: the Complete Organisational and Statistical Analysis, and Military Simulation Volume IIB. It was widely used by Germany throughout World War II and is one of the most recognized German weapons of that conflict. For the Battle of France in 1940, the army was supported by eighty-eights deployed in twenty-four mixed flak battalions. I have owned it 22 years and never fired it, in fact I am not sure it ever was shot. The projectile weighs 64.4 grams and is 51 millimeters long with a 38.7 gram core of tungsten carbide with 1.8 grams of … Inexperienced U.S. tankers and commanders rushed into a valley at Faid only to be obliterated. [9] By the beginning of World War II the Luftwaffe's anti-aircraft artillery employed 6,700 light (2 cm and 3.7 cm) and 2,628 heavy flak guns. The PaK 40 was formally adopted into German Army service in 1940 though production deliveries were slow to develop - … III radars. The Flak 18 was mounted on a cruciform gun carriage. In early 1937 in the fighting around Malaga, a battery of 88 mm guns was assigned to support an infantry brigade. Gander, Terry. [9] The 8.8 cm Flak was used against heavily armored tanks such as the Char B1 bis and Matilda II, whose frontal armour could not be penetrated by the standard light 3.7 cm anti-tank gun. The Würzburg radar series of radars was produced in the thousands and used widely. [American troops] knew that the greatest single weapon of the war, the atomic bomb excepted, was the German 88 mm flat-trajectory gun, which brought down thousands of bombers and tens of thousands of soldiers. In English, "flak" became a generic term for ground anti-aircraft fire. However it was immediately evident that the Regio Esercito (Italian Royal Army) did not have at its disposal a tractor with characteristics suitable for towing this piece, given that the task was entrusted to Lancia 3Ro, without all-wheel drive. The less open terrain in Italy and Northern France was less suitable for long-range AT guns. However, production did not take place as no Flak 41 barrels were available.[13]. The first deliveries were made in March 1943[12] and, as of August 1944, only 157 were fielded; with 318 in January 1945. p. 90. Light Vehicles 3. [citation needed] The use of the 88 mm in direct support of the infantry brought the gun crews in close proximity to the enemy and made the crews susceptible to infantry fire. A Boys Mk.1. After the war these cannons remained in Finnish use as AA-guns until 1977 and after that as coastal guns until the early 2000s. The success of the German anti-tank weapons caused the Allies to take steps to defend against it in new tank designs. Some countries also use brass cartridge cases. D 2030 – 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/2 (L/71), Beschreibung, 28 January 1944. The M41 LAAG is the main weapon of the M12 Warthog LRV and the M312 "Elephant" HRV (although the Elephant's M41 has a slightly faster rate of fire). There was also the kampfpistole. Thousands of 88 mm guns were produced throughout the war in various models and mounts. [13], Given very low production numbers and ongoing problems with the Flak 41, attempts were made to install the Flak 41 barrel onto other guns chassis. Out of this necessity came the Rifle, Anti-Tank, .55in, Boys. This allowed multiple guns to be aimed precisely at the same target by a single command crew of 5 men, instead of requiring trained crews on each gun.[17]. Similarly to the anti-aircraft role, as an anti-tank weapon the 8.8 cm Flak was tactically arranged into batteries, usually four guns to each. Heavy Vehicles 7. The scarcity of artillery among the Nationalist forces and the general low proficiency of the Spanish gun crews forced the usage of the Flak 18 gun in a variety of roles, including as an artillery piece and as an anti-tank gun. This resulted in firing rates of 15 to 20 rounds a minute, which was better than similar weapons of the era. Krupp responded with another prototype of the long-barreled 8.8 cm gun, which was further developed into the anti-tank and tank destroyer 8.8 cm PaK 43 gun used for the Elefant and Jagdpanther, and turret-mounted 8.8 cm KwK 43 heavy tank gun of the Tiger II. Went on a nice little kill streak so i decided i would upload it ¯\_(ツ)_/¯Twitter: https://twitter.com/BFVikingMusic: The German firm of Rheinmetall-Borsig AG was selected to produced the next incarnation of the PaK anti-tank gun and essentially took the existing PaK 38 design and "upsized" it to become the potent PaK 40 fitting the 75mm L/46 (7.5cm / 2.95in) caliber main armament. In 1943–1944 Finland bought 90 8.8 cm FlaK 37 cannons from Germany and they were used for air defence of largest cities in Finland. [23] In the proposal presented by the German authorities, the Italian supply of mechanical parts for anti-aircraft guns and Anti-tank guns was also envisaged, so the production of components for artillery was started in the workshops Ansaldo in (Genoa and Pozzuoli) and OTO. Kauppi forest, on top of Tuomikallio as a memorial, Tampere. Spares & Accessories 11. Development of the original model led to a wide variety of guns. This gave it the mass required to punch through armour, whilst the large propellant charge provided the necessary velocity. At the end of 1940, 44 pieces and relative firing stations were available. DGE02: APHEI cartridges weigh between 175 and 188 g. At 1,000 m it is quoted as having a 90 percent chance of being able to penetrate 15 mm of armour plate set at 30°. After other parts were strengthened this functioned as desired. [9] This was twice as many heavy AA guns as the Air Defence of Great Britain (ADGB) had at the time, with France and the United States having even fewer. 14.5×114mm maximum cartridge dimensions. Armoured & Tracked 2. [10] The first such German gun was introduced in 1917, using the 8.8 cm caliber common in the Kaiserliche Marine (navy).[9]. Starting from October 1942, several batteries, while remaining in German possession, were used by Italian personnel (officers and troops) for the protection of military infrastructures and cities, this practice was further intensified in 1943, reaching more than 100 batteries. The Lahti L-39 is a Finnish 20 mm anti-tank rifle used during the Second World War.It had excellent accuracy, penetration and range, but its size made transportation difficult. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. Land Rovers 5. Trailers 8. A mere two flak battalions destroyed 264 British tanks in 1941. The Flak 18/36/37 was roughly comparable to its Italian and Allied counterparts. The newer bullet types have a smaller engraving portion with a rounder boat-tail and were used from about 1957 on. The 8.8 cm Flak performed well in its original role of an anti-aircraft gun and it proved to be a superb anti-tank gun as well. Buy 1 Moa Rifle And Anti Tank Rifle Bullet 1 Moa Rifle And Anti Tank Rifle Bullet Reviews : You finding where to buy 1 Moa Rifle And Anti Tank Rifle Bullet for The higher-level tactical unit was usually a mixed anti-aircraft battalion (gemischte Flak-Abteilung). It was used successfully by Hero of the Soviet Union Sergeant Yakov Pavlov during the Battle of Stalingrad when the NCO led the defence of Pavlov's House in the city. [4] Its successful use as an improvised anti-tank gun led to the development of a tank gun based upon it: the 8.8 cm KwK 36, with the "KwK" abbreviation standing for Kampfwagen-Kanone (literally "battle vehicle cannon", or "fighting vehicle cannon"), meant to be placed in a gun turret as the tank's primary armament. These shields could be retro-fitted on older Flak 18s as well. Watch Queue Queue University Press of Kansas. 1. All dimensions in millimeters (mm). Stuff : https://edwinsarkissian.com Insta : https://www.instagram.com/edwinsarkissian/ Medium Vehicles 6. This gun served as the main armament of the Tiger I heavy tank. By 1915, the German command realized that these were useless for anything beyond deterrence, even against the vulnerable balloons and slow-moving aircraft of the period. Compared to other artillery types, German industry built for example, 570 heavy (caliber 88–128 mm) flak guns, 1,020 field artillery pieces (caliber 75–210 mm), and 1,300 tank guns, anti-tank guns, plus self-propelled guns in December 1943. The light anti-aircraft battalion usually did not deploy any 8.8 cm Flaks, the heavy battalions were rarely used in practice. Greece had at least 24 guns (8.8) that were used against the Regia Aeronautica during the Italian invasion of Greece in 1940. Tyres & Tracks 12. The Mauser 13 mm anti-tank rifle (German: Tankgewehr ... and found that the standard armour-piercing 7.92 mm K bullet was no longer effective. Submit ; Cool Stuff; English Login; Register; Wallpaper Abyss Weapons Bullet. The original design was a 75 mm model. Some flak batteries used guns worn out from firing beyond their operational lives, which typically limited their effective ceiling to 7,470 meters.[34]. As the MG 18 machine gun was being developed, an anti-tank rifle was also proposed. Cartridges use lacquered steel cases and a percussion primer. In 1937, the Chinese Nationalist Government imported 20 Flak 18 guns and used them to defend the fortifications along the Yangtze River. [citation needed] On July 18 and 19 1944 a Luftwaffe 8.8 cm anti-aircraft battery was re-purposed by then Major Hans von Luck to attack British tanks near Cagny taking part in Operation Goodwood. Paint & Canvas 13. The cartridge has been manufactured in Bulgaria, China, Egypt, Hungary, Iraq, North Korea, Poland, Romania, Russia, and the former Czechoslovakia. [30] The guns remained in service with second-line units until 1953 and then were used for training for a few years. Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston (PAK 43 and Flak 37). The Panzer III's 37 mm was considered a good anti-tank gun in 1940. Jeeps 4. 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